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Frost-Hardy Favorites: What to Plant in Your Fall Garden

As the vibrant colors of summer fade into the rustic shades of autumn, many garden enthusiasts believe it’s time to close the chapter on their gardening endeavors. Yet, for those who understand the rhythm of the seasons, especially in the temperate zones like southern Oregon’s 8b, fall marks a new beginning. It’s a time to embrace frost-hardy crops, each with its rich history, diverse varieties, and culinary promise. Dive into this comprehensive guide to discover which plants can not only endure but thrive, as the cooler days approach, ensuring your garden remains a hub of life and flavor.

10 Reasons to Plant a Fall Garden -The Importance and Practicality of Planting a Fall Garden

While spring and summer gardens often grab the limelight, fall gardens hold a unique place in the horticultural calendar and offer a host of benefits. Planting a fall garden is not just a continuation of your gardening journey, but a strategic and sustainable approach to gardening. Here’s why:

Extended Harvest: Fall gardening can provide fresh produce well into the winter months, ensuring a longer harvest season. Depending on the region and plants chosen, some vegetables can be harvested even under a blanket of snow!

Optimal Growth Conditions: Many fall crops, such as brassicas (broccoli, kale, Brussels sprouts), thrive in the cooler temperatures, producing sweeter and more flavorful yields, as the cold can convert plant starches into sugars.

Pest and Disease Reduction: Many pests and diseases that thrive in summer’s warmth are less active or even dormant in the fall. This can lead to healthier plants and reduced reliance on pesticides.

Soil Improvement: Certain fall crops, like legumes, have the ability to fix nitrogen in the soil. After harvesting, if these plants are tilled into the soil, they act as green manure, enriching the soil for the next planting season.

Erosion Control: Fall gardens, especially cover crops like clover or vetch, help in preventing soil erosion. They hold the soil in place during winter rains and melting snows.

Efficient Water Use: Cooler temperatures and increased rainfall in the autumn reduce the need for regular watering, making it more environmentally friendly and less labor-intensive.

Wildlife Support: Fall gardens can be a vital food source for local wildlife and beneficial insects, offering them sustenance as other food sources become scarce.

Succession Planting: Planting in the fall allows gardeners to practice succession planting, maximizing the productivity of their garden space. As summer crops die off, the space is immediately utilized by fall crops.

Economic Benefits: Growing your own fall produce can save on grocery bills. With the extended harvest, you get more from your garden investment. Plus, fall crops like garlic and onions can be stored and used throughout the year, offering long-term savings.

Psychological Well-being: Tending to a fall garden provides an opportunity for outdoor activity during a time when many retreat indoors. The therapeutic benefits of gardening, including stress relief and a sense of accomplishment, continue through the fall months.

In practical terms, a fall garden isn’t just a place of late-year beauty; it’s a strategic extension of the gardening season. Whether you’re aiming for sustainability, economic savings, or simply the joy of a prolonged harvest, fall gardening is a rewarding venture worth every bit of effort.

23 Types of Frost Hardy Plants to Plant for your Fall Garden

Remember, local conditions, microclimates, and specific varieties can affect exact planting times. It’s always a good idea to keep an eye on the forecast and be prepared to protect young plants from unexpected early frosts. Consider connecting with local gardeners or gardening groups in in your local area for insights and tips tailored to your specific locale.

Kale

It’s not just cold-hardy; frost can actually improve its flavor by breaking down the kale’s cell walls and producing sugars. Originally cultivated in the Mediterranean region over 2,000 years ago, kale was an essential green for early Europeans. It played a vital role in food supply during the Middle Ages.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Mid to late June
  • Plant/transplant: Late July to early August

How to Use

Smoothies
Kale chips
Stir-fries
Salads
Soups and stews

Try These Varieties

Lacinato (Dinosaur Kale): Dark blue-green, slightly wrinkled leaves; sweet, nutty flavor.
Winterbor: Curly leaves that are frost-resistant; ideal for colder climates.
Red Russian: Flat, fringed leaves that are gray-green with purple stems; tender and mildly sweet.

Brussels Sprouts

They can survive and even benefit from a frost, which can sweeten their flavor. They are believed to be of Belgian origin. Brussels sprouts have been cultivated in the Brussels region of Belgium since the 13th century, which is how they got their name.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Early to mid-May
  • Plant/transplant: Mid-June to early July

How to Use

Roasted with balsamic glaze
Sautéed with bacon
Shredded in salads
Stir-fries
Steamed with butter

Try These Varieties

Long Island Improved: Traditional and reliable variety, producing compact sprouts.
Jade Cross: Early maturing and disease-resistant.
Rubine: Red sprouts; a colorful alternative with a slightly sweeter taste.

Cabbage

Different varieties mature at different times, but all are frost-tolerant. This vegetable has been grown for over 4,000 years and was originally domesticated in Europe before 1000 BC. The ancient Greeks and Romans were quite familiar with it.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Early to mid-May
  • Plant/transplant: Late June to mid-July

How to Use

Coleslaw
Fermented as sauerkraut or kimchi
Stuffed cabbage rolls
Soups (e.g., cabbage soup)
Stir-fries

Try These Varieties

Golden Acre: Early maturing, compact, and disease-resistant.
Savoy King: Crinkled, sweet-tasting leaves that are cold-tolerant.
Red Express: Smaller heads with a lovely deep red color; faster maturing.

Broccoli

While they prefer cool weather, they can tolerate frost. Originating in the Mediterranean, it’s a member of the cabbage family and was known to the Romans in the 6th Century BC.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Early to mid-May
  • Plant/transplant: Late June to mid-July

How to Use

Steamed with cheese sauce
Broccoli salad
Stir-fries
Soups (e.g., broccoli cheddar soup)
Roasted with garlic

Try These Varieties

Calabrese: Italian green variety that’s popular and reliable.
Waltham 29: Cold-resistant and produces big heads.
Purple Sprouting: Produces colorful purple shoots in spring if overwintered.

Cauliflower

Just like broccoli, it prefers cooler temperatures. Its origins lie in the northeastern Mediterranean. It reached Europe in the 16th century and was cultivated in France and Italy.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Early to mid-May
  • Plant/transplant: Late June to mid-July

How to Use

Mashed cauliflower (alternative to mashed potatoes)
Cauliflower rice
Roasted with spices
Pizza crust substitute
Cauliflower curry

Try These Varieties

Snowball: Early maturing, with compact white heads.
Purple of Sicily: Purple heads that turn green when cooked; rich in antioxidants.
Cheddar: Bright orange heads, higher in beta-carotene than white varieties.

Swiss Chard

This leafy green can withstand light frost. Despite its name, Swiss chard is native to the Mediterranean and was known and used by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed or start seeds: Late July to mid-August
  • Plant/transplant (if not direct seeded): Late August to early September

How to Use

Sautéed with garlic
Added to quiches and frittatas
Used in soups and stews
Stuffed and baked
Added to smoothies

Try These Varieties

Bright Lights: Array of colors in the stems, including yellow, red, and orange.
Fordhook Giant: Broad white stems and crinkly green leaves; heat and cold tolerant.
Ruby Red (Rhubarb Chard): Bright red stems and dark green leaves.

Collard Greens

They can handle quite cold temperatures and can be harvested well into the winter in some areas. These are ancient plants believed to have been consumed by the Greeks and Romans. They have been staple greens in southern U.S. cooking for a long time.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Late June to early July
  • Plant/transplant: Mid to late August

How to Use

Southern-style collard greens with ham hock
Used as a wrap alternative
Added to soups
Sautéed with garlic
Steamed with lemon juice

Try These Varieties

Georgia: Traditional variety, with smooth leaves.
Champion: Early maturing and cold-tolerant.
Vates: Resistant to bolting and tolerant to heat and cold.

Spinach

A classic cool-weather crop that can even overwinter under protection in some climates. Originating in Persia (modern-day Iran), it was introduced to Europe in the 11th century.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late August to early September

How to Use

Spinach and cheese stuffed pasta
Creamed spinach
Spinach salads
Omelets and frittatas
Spinach and feta pie (spanakopita)

Try These Varieties

Bloomsdale Long Standing: Crinkly leaves; slow to bolt.
Harmony: Dark green leaves; ideal for fall planting.
Tyee: Smooth leaves; cold-tolerant and can be overwintered.

Lettuce

While not as cold-hardy as some others on this list, many varieties can withstand a light frost. First cultivated by the Egyptians, it spread to the Greeks and Romans. Lettuce was highly prized and often considered a medicinal herb.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Late July to early August
  • Plant/transplant: Late August to early September

How to Use

Salads
Lettuce wraps
Added to sandwiches and burgers
Juiced or blended in smoothies
Grilled for a smoky flavor

Try These Varieties

Black Seeded Simpson: Leafy green, fast-growing, and heat-tolerant.
Romaine (Parris Island Cos): Crisp leaves, forming a tall head; disease-resistant.
Butterhead (Buttercrunch): Tender, buttery leaves with a blanched heart.

Carrots

They can remain in the ground even after a frost, and the cold can make them sweeter. Initially cultivated in the Persian Empire (modern-day Iran and Afghanistan), early carrots were purple or yellow. The orange carrot we recognize today was developed in the Netherlands in the 16th century.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Mid to late July

How to Use

Carrot cake
Roasted with honey
Carrot and ginger soup
Steamed with butter
Shredded in salads

Try These Varieties

Danvers: Classic carrot shape, sweet taste, and good storage qualities.
Nantes: Nearly coreless, sweet, and great for fresh eating.
Purple Dragon: Deep purple exterior with a contrasting orange core.

Beets

Both the root and the leaves can endure frost. Native to the Mediterranean, beets have been consumed since prehistoric times. The ancient Greeks offered them to the sun god Apollo in the temple at Delphi.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late July to early August

How to Use

Beet and goat cheese salad
Pickled beets
Roasted beet hummus
Beet soup (borscht)
Beet chips

Try These Varieties

Detroit Dark Red: Deep red, round, and sweet.
Golden: Golden-yellow flesh; milder flavor than red varieties.
Chioggia (Candy Cane): Red and white concentric rings; sweet flavor.

Radishes

Quick to mature, they thrive in cooler weather. Originating in Southeast Asia, they were cultivated in Egypt before the pyramids were built.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late August to early September

How to Use

Pickled radishes
Sliced in salads
Roasted with butter
Added to tacos for crunch
Radish butter spread

Try These Varieties

Cherry Belle: Bright red, round, and crisp; common garden variety.
French Breakfast: Red with a white tip, elongated; mild flavor.
Watermelon: Green exterior with bright rose-red flesh; sweet and crisp.

Turnips

The roots and greens are both edible and frost-tolerant. Consumed in prehistoric Europe and India, turnips were an important staple before the widespread cultivation of the potato.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late July to early August

How to Use

Mashed turnips
Roasted with other root vegetables
Turnip greens sautéed or added to soups
Turnip au gratin
Raw slices with dip

Try These Varieties

Purple Top White Globe: Classic variety with a purple crown; sweet flavor.
Golden Globe: Yellow-fleshed; milder and sweeter.
Hakurei: Japanese variety; smooth, sweet, and crisp.

Rutabagas

A cross between a turnip and a cabbage, they are very frost-hardy. Believed to be a hybrid of a cabbage and a turnip, the rutabaga was first recognized in the early 17th century in Europe.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Mid to late July

How to Use

Rutabaga fries
Mashed with potatoes
Roasted with herbs
Added to soups and stews
Rutabaga hash

Try These Varieties

American Purple Top: Yellow flesh with a purple crown; classic flavor.
Laurentian: Round with deep purple tops; sweet and fine-grained flesh.
Marian: Disease-resistant and sweet-tasting.

Parsnips

Another root vegetable that becomes sweeter after a frost. Consumed since ancient times, parsnips were a staple in Europe before the introduction of the potato. The Romans loved them and believed they had medicinal qualities.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late June to early July

How to Use

Parsnip and apple soup
Roasted with honey
Mashed parsnips
Parsnip cake
Sautéed with butter

Try These Varieties

Harris Model: Long, sweet, and fine-textured; standard variety for many gardeners.
Cobham Marrow: Improved resistance to canker; sweet flavor.
Gladiator: Award-winning variety; smooth skin and sweet flavor.

Leeks

They can withstand a frost and continue growing in cooler temperatures. Native to the Middle East and the Mediterranean region, leeks were consumed by the ancient Egyptians and Romans, who introduced them to the British Isles.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Early to mid-May
  • Plant/transplant: Late June to early July

How to Use

Potato and leek soup (vichyssoise)
Leek and cheese tart
Sautéed as a side dish
Leek fritters
Braised leeks

Try These Varieties

American Flag: Classic variety, with a thick white shaft.
King Richard: Early maturing; long, slender shafts.
Bleu de Solaise: Blue-green leaves; can overwinter.

Onions (overwintering varieties)

Depending on the variety, they can tolerate light frost. Cultivated for over 5,000 years, onions originated in Asia and the Middle East. They were highly regarded by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Late April to early May
  • Plant/transplant: Early June

How to Use

Caramelized onions
French onion soup
Onion rings
Pickled onions
Onion chutney

Try These Varieties

Walla Walla: Sweet onion, mild flavor.
Texas Supersweet: Large bulbs, very sweet.
Redwing: Deep red, long storage potential.

Garlic

Planted in the fall and harvested in the summer, it’s a staple in many gardens. Native to Central Asia, garlic has been cultivated for over 5,000 years. It was consumed by ancient civilizations, including the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Chinese.

When to Start & Plant

  • Plant cloves: Late September to early October

How to Use

Garlic bread
Roasted garlic spread
Garlic and herb butter
Garlic confit
Added to almost any savory dish for flavor

Try These Varieties

Music: Hardneck variety; large cloves with a spicy flavor.
German Extra Hardy: Another hardneck; robust flavor.
Silver White: Softneck variety, stores well.

Mustard Greens

They grow quickly and can handle frost. Originating in the Himalayan region of India, mustard greens have been grown and consumed for more than 5,000 years.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late August to mid-September

How to Use

Sautéed with garlic and chili
Added to curries
Mustard green pesto
Added to soups
Used in salads with a strong vinaigrette

Try These Varieties

Southern Giant Curled: Classic with frilly edges; spicy flavor.
Red Giant: Deep red leaves with a robust, peppery flavor.
Tatsoi: Spoon-shaped leaves; mild and slightly sweet.

Mache (Corn Salad)

This is a cold-loving green that can tolerate freezing temperatures. Native to Europe and Western Asia, mache has been consumed since ancient times and was particularly popular in France.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Early to mid-September

How to Use

Light salads
Garnish for dishes
Added to sandwiches for a mild, nutty flavor
Mixed with other greens for salad mixes
Lightly sautéed or wilted

Try These Varieties

Verte de Cambrai: Small, dark green leaves; nutty flavor.
Large Seeded: Quick growing; mild flavor.

Arugula

A peppery salad green that prefers cooler weather. Also known as rocket, arugula has been grown in the Mediterranean region since Roman times. The Romans appreciated both its taste and its supposed aphrodisiac qualities.

When to Start & Plant

  • Direct seed: Late August to early September

How to Use

Peppery salads
Arugula and prosciutto pizza
Added to pastas
Arugula pesto
Garnish for meats and other dishes

Try These Varieties

Rocket: Classic variety with spicy leaves.
Wild Arugula: Smaller, deeply lobed leaves; more pungent flavor.
Astro: Smooth leaves; less spicy.

Endive and Escarole

These chicory family members are both frost-tolerant. Native to Asia Minor, they have been consumed since ancient Egyptian times. The Greeks and Romans recognized their medicinal properties.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Late June to early July
  • Plant/transplant: Mid to late August

How to Use

Belgian endive appetizer boats
Braised escarole
Added to salads for a bitter contrast
Grilled endive
Escarole and bean soup

Try These Varieties

Tres Fine Maraichere: Frilly leaves; mild bitterness.
Broad-Leaved Batavian: Escarole type with broad leaves; less bitter.
Belgian Endive: Grown for its blanched, tender shoots.

Kohlrabi

It’s part of the cabbage family and can handle a good amount of cold. First described by a Roman in the 1st century AD, kohlrabi’s name comes from the German words for “cabbage” and “turnip”. It’s popular in German and Vietnamese cuisines.

When to Start & Plant

  • Start seeds: Late June to early July
  • Plant/transplant: Late July to early August

How to Use

Kohlrabi slaw
Roasted with other vegetables
Kohlrabi fries
Sliced raw for crudité platters
Steamed with a touch of butter

Try These Varieties

Early Purple Vienna: Early maturing, purple-skinned.
Grand Duke: Pale green, tender, and disease-resistant.
Kolibri: Deep purple and disease-resistant.

In the cyclical dance of the seasons, each turn brings its own rhythm and beauty. While spring sings of rebirth and summer dazzles with its vibrant crescendo, fall offers a gentle, melodic interlude—a reminder that nature’s bounty doesn’t wane with the fading warmth. It’s a season of rich hues, crisp air, and a harvest that’s uniquely sweet and hearty. Beyond the practical benefits, a fall garden is a celebration of resilience, a testament to nature’s ability to flourish in the face of change. So, as this year’s autumn leaves begin their graceful descent, we invite you to join in this horticultural symphony. Roll up those sleeves, feel the cool earth beneath your fingertips, and discover the profound joy of the fall garden. It’s a journey of flavor, sustainability, and soulful connection that awaits your first step.

Protection Measures for Your Fall Garden

As the cool embrace of autumn settles in, early frosts can pose a challenge, especially to tender plants. However, with strategic protective measures, your garden can thrive even as temperatures dip. Here’s a succinct guide on safeguarding your fall crops from frost’s early touch:

Mulching

What: A layer of organic material, like straw, leaves, or wood chips, spread over the soil.
How it helps: Mulch acts as an insulating blanket, retaining soil warmth and preventing sudden temperature fluctuations.
Tips: Ensure a thickness of about 3-4 inches, but keep the mulch a few inches away from plant stems to prevent rot.

Cloche

What: Bell-shaped covers, typically made of transparent plastic or glass.
How it helps: Cloches create a mini greenhouse effect, trapping warmth and moisture.
Tips: Remove or ventilate during the day to prevent overheating and replace in the evening.
Row Covers:

What: Lightweight, breathable fabric (like spun polyester) draped over plants.
How it helps: They trap a layer of air, providing a few degrees of frost protection without smothering the plants.
Tips: Secure edges with soil or weights to prevent them from blowing away. Choose fabric based on desired warmth; heavier covers offer more frost protection but reduce light penetration.

Cold Frames

What: Bottomless boxes with transparent tops, placed over plants.
How it helps: They act as miniature greenhouses, harnessing solar energy during the day and releasing it at night.
Tips: Open the top during warm days to prevent overheating and ensure good ventilation. Angling the frame towards the south can maximize sunlight capture.


While these measures enhance frost protection, you’ll need to monitor local weather forecasts closely. This way, you can be proactive in deploying these tools when a frosty night is predicted. A little effort ensures your fall garden will flourish, providing a bountiful harvest even in the face of early frosts.

Give Fall Gardening a Shot

Autumn doesn’t have to signal the end of your gardening journey. In fact, with a bit of preparation and the right approach, it can be one of the most rewarding seasons for growing fresh produce. If you’ve never tried fall gardening, now’s the perfect time to start. The rewards, from fresh produce to the simple pleasure of tending to your garden, are well worth the effort.

We highly recommend giving it a go, and once you do, we’re eager to hear about it. Share your successes, challenges, and tips in the comments below. Your firsthand experiences can provide valuable insights for others looking to venture into fall gardening. Every tip, every story can make a difference. Let’s learn and grow together. Dive in and, when you’re ready, let us know how it goes. Your insights are invaluable to this community. Happy Gardening!

Balancing Homesteading and a Day Job: A Look at the Daily Tasks and Challenges of Raising Chickens, Cows, Goats and Maintaining a Garden”

Homesteading is a lifestyle that has been growing in popularity in recent years. It is a way of living that is self-sufficient, sustainable, and focused on growing and raising one’s own food. However, for many people, homesteading is not a full-time job, and they have to balance it with other responsibilities, such as a day job. In this article, we will explore what life typically looks like on a homestead where people have other day jobs. We will take a closer look at the daily tasks involved in raising chickens, cows, goats, and maintaining a garden, and how these tasks fit into the busy schedule of a working homesteader.

  1. Raising chickens: Raising chickens is a popular homesteading activity that can provide a steady supply of fresh eggs. Chickens are relatively easy to care for and can be kept in a small space. However, they do require daily care and attention. This includes feeding and watering them, collecting eggs, and cleaning the coop. For homesteaders with day jobs, this means that these tasks need to be done in the morning before work, and in the evening after work. It’s important to have a routine in place to ensure that the chickens are well cared for and to make sure that their eggs are collected regularly.
  2. Raising cows: We’re currently raising three calves. Cows are larger animals than chickens and require more space and care. Caring for baby cows involves providing them with adequate food, water, and shelter, as well as monitoring their health and well-being. This can be a time-consuming task and may require some additional help from friends or family. Homesteaders with day jobs may choose to keep a smaller herd, or to stagger their care schedules to ensure that the cows are well cared for throughout the day. We currently are bucket feeding them twice a day and making sure they have hay and other supplemental food throughout the day.
  3. Raising goats: Raising goats is another popular homesteading activity. Goats are known for their hardiness and their ability to thrive in a variety of environments. They can provide milk, meat, and fiber. However, raising goats also requires a significant amount of time and effort. This includes providing them with food, water, and shelter, as well as monitoring their health and well-being. Homesteaders with day jobs may choose to keep a smaller number of goats, and use milking machines to help with the milking process. Additionally, homesteaders may choose to keep their goats with a herd-mate or a companion animal to keep them company during the day while they are away at work.
  4. Maintaining a garden: Maintaining a garden is a crucial aspect of homesteading. It not only provides fresh produce for the family, but also allows for the creation of a sustainable and self-sufficient ecosystem. However, gardening can also be a time-consuming task, especially in the summer months when the garden is at its peak. Homesteaders with day jobs may choose to plan their garden in smaller, manageable plots, and to focus on easy to grow crops such as leafy greens, tomatoes, and herbs. They may also choose to use raised beds, to make it easier to tend to the garden and to minimize the need for tilling and weeding. Our garden takes the most time of anything on our homestead, but it is quite large, with over 5000 sq ft of bed space.
  5. Time management: One of the most important aspects of homesteading while holding a day job is time management. It’s essential to have a schedule in place that will allow you to take care of the homestead responsibilities while still having enough time for work and family life. This may mean getting up early in the morning to take care of the animals, or it may mean working on the garden after dinner. We take care of the animals morning and night, and work on homestead projects and the garden in the evenings and Sundays. It’s important to plan ahead and to make sure that you have enough time to complete all of the necessary tasks, such as harvesting and preserving food, or preparing for winter.
  6. Conclusion: Homesteading is a rewarding and fulfilling lifestyle that can provide a sense of self-sufficiency and sustainability. However, for many people, homesteading is not a full-time job, and they have to balance it with other responsibilities such as a day job. Keeping chickens, cows, goats, and maintaining a garden can be time-consuming tasks that require careful planning and time management. By understanding the daily tasks involved in homesteading and planning accordingly, homesteaders with day jobs can achieve a balance between their homesteading responsibilities and their other commitments. It’s all about finding a balance and making it work, and it can be a great way to provide fresh food, connect with nature and live a more self-sufficient lifestyle.

Improving Your Garden Soil Organically for Thriving Plants and a Healthy Garden

Introduction: Gardening is a rewarding and fulfilling hobby, but it can also be a challenging one. One of the most important factors in gardening success is having healthy soil. Soil that is rich in nutrients and organic matter is essential for growing strong and healthy plants. While there are many chemical fertilizers and soil amendments available, many gardeners prefer to improve their soil organically. Organic gardening practices not only benefit the plants, but they also help to protect the environment. In this article, we will discuss various methods for improving your garden soil organically.

  1. Composting: One of the simplest and most effective ways to improve your soil is through composting. Composting is the process of breaking down organic matter, such as leaves, grass clippings, and kitchen scraps, into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. Composting not only provides your plants with essential nutrients, but it also helps to improve the structure of your soil. It increases the soil’s ability to hold water and air, and it helps to break up heavy clay soils. To start a compost pile, you will need a compost bin or a simple pile in a corner of your yard. Add a mix of brown materials, such as leaves and straw, and green materials, such as grass clippings and kitchen scraps. Turn the pile regularly to aerate it and add water if it becomes too dry.
  2. Cover Cropping: Another way to improve your soil organically is through cover cropping. Cover cropping is the practice of planting a crop specifically to improve the soil, rather than for food or other uses. Cover crops, such as clover, peas, and rye, are planted in the fall or winter and are turned under in the spring. They help to improve the soil by adding organic matter, fixing nitrogen, and suppressing weeds. Cover cropping also helps to prevent soil erosion.
  3. Mulching: Mulching is the practice of covering the soil with a layer of organic material, such as straw, leaves, or grass clippings. Mulching helps to retain moisture in the soil, suppress weeds, and add organic matter to the soil. It also helps to keep the soil temperature steady, which is especially important during hot summer months.
  4. Using Organic Fertilizers: Organic fertilizers, such as bone meal, blood meal, and fish emulsion, provide essential nutrients to your plants without the use of chemicals. Organic fertilizers are made from natural materials, such as bone, blood, and fish, and are broken down by microorganisms in the soil. They release their nutrients slowly, providing a steady supply of nutrition for your plants.
  5. Liming: Liming is the practice of adding lime to your soil to raise the pH level. Most plants prefer a slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6-7. If your soil is too acidic, it can be difficult for plants to take up essential nutrients. Lime helps to neutralize the acidity of the soil and make it more hospitable for plants.
  6. Intercropping: Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops together in the same area. This method allows the plants to work together to improve the soil. For example, planting beans and corn together allows the beans to fix nitrogen in the soil, which is then used by the corn. This helps to improve the soil and reduce the need for fertilizers.

Improving your garden soil organically takes time and effort, but it is well worth it. By using techniques such as composting, cover cropping, mulching, using organic fertilizers, liming, and intercropping, you can create a healthy and productive soil for your plants. Not only will your plants thrive, but you will also be doing your part to protect the environment by avoiding chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Remember to regularly test your soil pH and nutrient levels to ensure that you are providing the best conditions for your plants.

Additionally, it is important to rotate your crops every year to ensure that the same plants aren’t using up the same nutrients every year. You can also try using green manures, which are crops grown specifically to be turned under and add organic matter to the soil. And, lastly, make sure to avoid over-tilling your soil, as it can damage the structure of your soil, making it more difficult for roots to penetrate and for water and air to circulate.

By taking the time to understand the needs of your soil and plants, you can create a beautiful and productive garden that not only provides food and beauty but also makes your little patch of the earth a little bit better each year.

The Pros and Cons of Growing Potatoes in Your Garden: Is it Worth the Effort?

Growing potatoes can be a great way to add variety to your garden and enjoy fresh, homegrown produce. However, there are also some potential downsides to consider before planting potatoes in your garden.

Pros:

  • Potatoes are easy to grow and can be planted in a variety of soil types.
  • They are a great crop for small gardens or even containers as they don’t take up much space.
  • Potatoes are a versatile vegetable that can be used in a variety of dishes.
  • They have a long storage life, so you can enjoy them well into the winter months.
  • Potatoes are also a good crop for beginners as they are easy to care for and can be grown with minimal effort.
  • They store well in the ground, so you can simply harvest them as you need them, instead of having to harvest all at once.

Cons:

  • Potatoes are susceptible to pests and diseases, such as potato blight and wire worms.
  • They require a relatively long growing season, so you’ll need to plan accordingly if you live in a shorter growing season area.
  • Potatoes are heavy feeders and require regular watering and fertilization to thrive.
  • They can also be difficult to harvest as the tubers grow deep in the soil.
  • Potatoes also require deep soil, and the tubers may not form well in shallow soil.
  • Potatoes are already quite cheap from the store.

Potatoes can be a great addition to your garden, If you’re willing to put in the effort to keep pests and diseases at bay, and have enough space and time to grow them, you can reap the rewards of a bountiful potato harvest. The fact that they store well in the ground is a big pro, as you can simply harvest them as you need them, making it a convenient option for home gardening.

Our kids love harvesting their own potatoes and then having us bake them for a meal right after they dig them up. If you haven’t grown potatoes in your garden yet, and you have the space, I highly recommend trying. I bet you’ll be hooked.

The Different Types of Tomato Plants: A Guide to Choosing the Right One for Your Garden

Tomatoes are a popular and versatile vegetable that can be grown in various settings, from small backyard gardens to large commercial farms. There are many different types of tomato plants, each with its own set of characteristics and ideal growing conditions. In this article, we will explore the different types of tomato plants and provide tips on choosing the right kind for your garden.

Determinate and Indeterminate Tomatoes

The first thing to consider when choosing a tomato plant is whether it is determinate or indeterminate. Determinate tomatoes are characterized by their compact growth habit and tendency to produce a single, large crop of fruit all at once. Indeterminate tomatoes, on the other hand, have a more sprawling growth habit and continue to produce fruit throughout the growing season.

Heirloom and Hybrid Tomatoes

Another factor to consider when choosing a tomato plant is whether it is an heirloom or a hybrid variety. Heirloom tomatoes are open-pollinated varieties that have been passed down through generations. They are known for their unique flavors and colors but can be more susceptible to disease and pests. Hybrid tomatoes, on the other hand, are created by crossbreeding different varieties to create plants with desirable traits, such as disease resistance and larger fruit size.

Specific Types of Tomato Plants

There are many specific types of tomato plants to choose from, each with its own unique characteristics.

Cherry Tomatoes: They are a popular choice among gardeners and are known for their small size, sweet flavor, and easy growing habits. They can be determinate or indeterminate and come in various colors, including red, yellow, and purple. They are ideal for container gardening or small gardens.

Beefsteak Tomatoes: Beefsteak tomatoes are known for their large size and meaty texture, making them ideal for sandwiches and salads. They are typically indeterminate and can take longer to mature than other varieties.

Plum Tomatoes: They are small, oblong, and have a high concentration of flesh and fewer seeds, making them ideal for canning and cooking. They are typically determinate and produce a large crop all at once.

Paste Tomatoes: Paste tomatoes are well known for their meaty texture, low moisture content, and high concentration of flesh, making them perfect for sauces, pastes, and salsas. They are typically determinate.

Yellow and Orange Tomatoes: Yellow and Orange tomatoes are not as common as red tomatoes, but they provide a unique flavor and color to your dishes. They are known for their sweetness and are great for salads.

Black and Purple Tomatoes: Black and purple tomatoes are unique and rare varieties, known for their intense and rich flavor, and deep color. They are typically indeterminate and require a long growing season.

Grape Tomatoes, Toy Boy Tomatoes, and Dwarf Tomatoes are other types of tomatoes that are unique in their own way.

How to Choose the Right Tomato Plant

When choosing a tomato plant, consider the size and type of your garden, as well as your specific growing conditions and personal preferences. If you have limited space, consider a determinate variety or cherry tomatoes. If you want a long-lasting and continuous harvest, an indeterminate variety is a better choice. If you want to experiment with different flavors, consider an heirloom variety. If disease resistance is a priority, a hybrid variety is a good choice.

In conclusion, tomatoes are versatile and popular vegetables that can be grown in various settings. There are many different types of tomato plants to choose from, each with its own set of characteristics and ideal growing conditions. By considering factors such as growth habits, disease resistance, and flavor, you can choose the perfect tomato plant for your garden. Whether you’re looking for a sweet and juicy cherry tomato, a meaty and flavorful beefsteak tomato, or a unique and rare black tomato, there is a variety out there that will suit your needs. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different types of tomatoes to discover which ones you like best and which ones thrive in your specific growing conditions. With a little bit of care and attention, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of delicious and nutritious tomatoes all season long.

Types of Compost Bins

Composting is a process of breaking down organic materials, such as food scraps and yard waste, into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. It is an environmentally friendly way to reduce waste and create a valuable resource for gardening and agriculture. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the different types of compost bins available for purchase and to help you choose the best one for your needs.

Types of Compost Bins

Tumbling compost bin
A tumbling compost bin is a container with a rotating mechanism that allows you to easily mix and aerate the compost. These bins are typically made of plastic and come in various sizes. They are easy to use and maintain and are great for small to medium-sized gardens. Pros of tumbling compost bins include being easy to rotate and easy to move around, cons include most of them being made of plastic, which may not be as durable as other materials.

Stationary compost bin
A stationary compost bin is a container that does not have a rotating mechanism. It is typically made of wood or metal and is designed to be placed in one spot in your yard. Stationary bins are great for larger gardens and can hold more compost than tumbling bins. The Pros of stationary compost bins are that they are more durable and can hold more compost, while the cons are they can take up more space and may be harder to turn the compost material inside.

Worm compost bin
A worm compost bin is a container that houses worms, which eat and break down organic materials. These bins are great for apartment dwellers and people with limited space, as they are small and can be kept indoors. Worm composting is a great way to produce nutrient-rich castings for your plants. Pros of worm compost bin include that it’s small and can be kept indoors, and it produces nutrient-rich castings. Cons of worm compost bin include that they can be smelly, and it requires maintenance, such as keeping the worms fed and the bin clean.

Bokashi compost bin
A Bokashi compost bin is a container that uses a special fermentation process to break down food scraps and other organic materials. Bokashi composting is a great way to compost meat, dairy, and other items unsuitable for traditional composting methods. Pros of the Bokashi compost bin include that it can compost meat, dairy, and other items unsuitable for traditional composting methods, while the cons are that it requires special Bokashi bran, which can be expensive and hard to find.

Electric compost bin
An electric compost bin is a container that uses electricity to speed up the composting process. These bins typically have a heating element and a fan to aerate the compost. Electric compost bins are great for people who want to compost quickly and have a lot of kitchen scraps to dispose of. Pros of an electric compost bin include that it can compost quickly, while the cons are that it requires electricity and can be quite expensive.

Comparison of Compost Bins

When choosing a compost bin, there are several factors to consider, such as cost, size, ease of use, maintenance, and efficiency.

Cost: Tumbling and stationary compost bins are typically the most affordable options, while worm, Bokashi, and electric compost bins can be more expensive.

Size: Tumbling and stationary compost bins come in a variety of sizes, while worm and Bokashi compost bins are typically small and suitable for apartment dwellers. Electric compost bins are larger and can hold more compost.

Ease of use: Tumbling compost bins are easy to use and maintain, while stationary, worm, Bokashi and electric compost bins may require more effort and attention.

Maintenance: Tumbling and stationary compost bins require regular turning and aerating of the compost, while worm and Bokashi compost bins require feeding and cleaning. Electric compost bins may require less maintenance, but they do require electricity.

Efficiency: Tumbling, stationary, worm, and Bokashi compost bins all have their own unique methods of breaking down the compost, and all can be efficient in their own ways. Electric compost bins are generally the quickest option, but they also require electricity.

As you can see, there are many different types of compost bins available for purchase, each with its own unique features and benefits. Tumbling and stationary compost bins are affordable and easy to use, while worm and Bokashi compost bins are suitable for small spaces and apartment dwellers. Electric compost bins are efficient and quick, but also expensive and require electricity. When choosing a compost bin, consider your space, budget, and specific needs to select the best option for you. Remember the importance of composting and its benefits on the environment and your gardening needs. And then get composting!

Reasons To Start Composting

Compost piles make for great gardens!

Composting is a natural process in which organic materials, such as food scraps and yard waste, are broken down by microorganisms into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. Not only is it an environmentally friendly way to reduce waste in landfills, it also has many economic, health, and community benefits. In this article, we will discuss the reasons why you should start composting.

First, let’s talk about the environmental benefits of composting. By composting, you can reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills, thus conserving resources and helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Composting also helps to improve soil health by adding vital nutrients to the soil, which can lead to healthier plants and a more sustainable ecosystem. In addition, composting can also reduce the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides, further reducing the environmental impact of gardening and agriculture.

In addition to environmental benefits, composting also has economic benefits. By composting, you can save money on fertilizer and gardening supplies, as well as generate income by selling your compost to others. Composting can also reduce water usage and costs, as compost helps to retain moisture in the soil.

Composting also has health benefits. It improves air quality by reducing the amount of waste in landfills, and by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Composting can also have a positive impact on mental and physical health by providing an opportunity for individuals to connect with nature and engage in gardening.

Furthermore, composting can also have community benefits. It encourages community involvement and education, promotes sustainable living, and can lead to the creation of community gardens and urban agriculture. By composting, you can help to create a more sustainable and resilient community.

If you’re ready to start composting, there are many methods to choose from, including backyard composting, vermicomposting, and bokashi composting. It’s important to research which method is best for you and your specific needs. Additionally, it’s important to pay attention to the balance of “green” materials, such as food scraps, and “brown” materials, such as leaves and twigs, in your compost pile to ensure proper decomposition. Check out our blog post on the different types of composting here.

Composting is a simple and effective way to reduce waste, conserve resources, improve soil health, and generate income. It also has many health, environmental, and community benefits. So if you haven’t already, consider starting to compost in your own home and community. By working together, we can create a more sustainable and resilient planet for future generations.

Raising Backyard Chickens: A Guide to Getting Started – Costs, Time Requirements, Space Requirements and Popular Chicken Breeds

Keeping backyard chickens is a growing trend among homesteaders and urban farmers. Not only do chickens provide a steady supply of fresh eggs, but they also make great pets and can help to reduce your environmental footprint. However, getting started with backyard chickens can be overwhelming, especially for those who are new to raising chickens. In this article, we will provide an overview of what you need to know to get started with backyard chickens, including estimated costs, time requirements, and space requirements.

  1. Costs: One of the first things to consider when getting started with backyard chickens is the cost. The initial costs of starting a backyard chicken flock can vary depending on the size of your flock and the type of coop you choose. Some of the costs you will need to consider include:
  • Chickens: The cost of chickens can vary depending on the breed and the age of the birds. You can expect to pay around $10-$40 per mature bird depending on where you are located. Raising chicks can also be a cost-effective way to start a backyard chicken flock. The cost of chicks can vary depending on the breed and the hatchery, but on average, you can expect to pay around $3-$5 per chick. This is how we got our chickens.
  • Coop and run: A basic coop and run can cost around $300-$500, but the cost can be higher if you choose to build a larger or more elaborate coop. Another option to consider when planning your backyard chicken coop is the Justin Rhode’s Chickshaw design. This is a portable chicken coop that can be easily moved around your yard, allowing your chickens to forage and fertilize different areas of your garden.
  • Feed and bedding: Feed and bedding can cost around $25-$50 per month, depending on the size of your flock. A good rule of thumb is that chickens eat 1/4 a pound of food a day, each. Free range chickens will offset some of that by foraging, but I’d not recommend counting on that when doing your calculations. In our area, a 50lb bag of egg layer feed sells for $19.99, which is higher than historical averages. We currently have a flock of about 50 birds and go through about a bag a week. (Though we also give them some cracked corn as a winter treat and they’ve got a large pasture to forage.)
  1. Time requirements: Raising backyard chickens also requires a certain amount of time and effort. Some of the tasks you will need to perform on a regular basis include:
  • Feeding and watering: Chickens need to be fed and watered twice a day.
  • Cleaning: The coop and run need to be cleaned on a regular basis to prevent odors and parasites.
  • Egg collecting: Collecting eggs daily is essential to keep chickens healthy and to prevent eggs from getting dirty or broken.
  1. Space requirements: Another important consideration when getting started with backyard chickens is the amount of space you have available. Chickens need a coop for shelter and a run for exercise. The size of the coop and run will depend on the number of chickens you plan to keep. A general rule of thumb is to provide 2-3 square feet per bird in the coop and 8-10 square feet per bird in the run. Chickens also need access to grassy areas for foraging.
  2. Choosing the right breed: There are many different breeds of chickens to choose from, each with its own unique characteristics. Some breeds are better suited to urban environments and smaller spaces, while others are better suited to more rural environments. Some popular breeds for backyard chickens include:
  • Rhode Island Reds: These chickens are hardy and easy to care for. They are also known for their good egg production.
  • Plymouth Rocks: These chickens are friendly and easy to handle. They are also known for their good egg production.
  • Leghorns: These chickens are known for their good egg production and are also smaller in size, making them suitable for smaller spaces.
  • Buff Orpingtons: These chickens are known for their friendly and docile nature. They are also great layers of large brown eggs. They are cold hardy and good foragers which make them a great option for backyard flocks.
  • Sussex: These chickens are hardy and adaptable, making them great for backyard flocks. They come in a variety of colors and are known for their good egg production. They are also known for their friendly and docile nature.
  • Welsummers: These chickens are known for their rich, dark brown eggs. They are hardy and adaptable and make great backyard chickens. They are also relatively cold hardy and are good foragers.
  • Easter Eggers: These chickens are a crossbreed of different chicken breeds and lay eggs in a variety of colors including blue, green, and pink. They are known for their friendly and docile nature and are also great layers.
  • Plymouth Rocks: These chickens are friendly and easy to handle. They are also known for their good egg production. They come in different colors and are cold hardy.
  • Bantams: These are miniature versions of standard breeds and are great for smaller spaces. They are also known for their docile nature and good egg production.
  • When choosing a breed, it’s important to consider your climate, space and personal preferences. Some breeds are better suited to cold climates, others to hot climates, some are known for their docile nature, others for their hardiness, some are good layers and others are great foragers. It’s also important to research the breeds you’re interested in and to talk to other chicken keepers for their experience and suggestions.
  1. Legal considerations: Before getting started with backyard chickens, it is important to check with your local government to see if there are any laws or regulations that you need to comply with. Some cities have specific laws regarding the number of chickens that can be kept on a property, the size of the coop and run, and other regulations. It is important to familiarize yourself with these laws to avoid any legal issues.

Conclusion: Getting started with backyard chickens can seem daunting, but with a bit of planning and preparation, it can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience. By understanding the costs, time requirements, and space requirements associated with raising chickens, you can make an informed decision about whether or not backyard chickens are right for you. Additionally, by researching and choosing the right breed for your space and lifestyle, you can ensure that you are getting chickens that will thrive in your backyard.
Raising backyard chickens can be a great way to produce fresh eggs, reduce your environmental footprint and even keep pests away. It is a great way to connect with nature, teach children about responsibility and provide a source of fresh food. As you move forward, you will learn to appreciate the benefits of having chickens, and you’ll likely find that the costs, time, and space requirements are well worth the rewards.

Why Egg Prices Are So High and Getting Higher

Introduction: Egg prices have been on the rise in recent years, leaving many consumers wondering why they have to pay more for this staple food item. While there are several factors that contribute to the high cost of eggs, understanding the underlying causes can help consumers make informed decisions about their food choices. In this article, we will explore the reasons why egg prices are so high, and discuss the potential benefits of keeping backyard chickens as a way to reduce the cost of eggs.

  1. Feed costs: One of the main factors contributing to the high cost of eggs is the cost of feed for chickens. The cost of feed is a significant portion of the overall cost of producing eggs. The cost of feed has been on the rise in recent years due to several factors, including weather-related crop failures, increased demand for biofuels, and the rising cost of oil. These factors have led to higher prices for corn and soybeans, which are the main ingredients in chicken feed.
  2. Disease: Another factor that contributes to the high cost of eggs is disease. Diseases such as avian influenza and salmonella can have a significant impact on egg prices. Outbreaks of these diseases can lead to the destruction of entire flocks, reducing the number of hens available to lay eggs. This can lead to a shortage of eggs and an increase in prices. This is probably the most visible cause of high egg prices in 2022, as egg laying operations got slammed by avian flu and over 60 million birds were culled in the US alone to prevent further spread.
  3. Environmental regulations: Environmental regulations also play a role in the high cost of eggs. These regulations, which are intended to protect the welfare of chickens and the environment, can increase the cost of production. For example, regulations requiring larger cage sizes for hens can increase the cost of building new chicken houses.
  4. Labor costs: Labor costs also contribute to the high cost of eggs. The cost of labor has been on the rise in recent years, and this has led to higher prices for eggs. In addition, many egg farmers are facing a shortage of skilled labor, which can also contribute to the high cost of eggs.
  5. Supply and demand: The basic economic principle of supply and demand also affects egg prices. When demand for eggs is high, prices will go up. This can be the result of population growth, changes in consumer preferences, or other factors. On the other hand, when supply is high, prices will go down. This can happen when egg farmers increase their flocks or when new technologies make it easier to produce eggs.

Conclusion: There are several factors that contribute to the high cost of eggs, including feed costs, disease, environmental regulations, labor costs, and supply and demand.
One way to reduce the the amount of money you spend of eggs is to keep backyard chickens. Keeping chickens in your backyard can provide a steady supply of fresh eggs and also help to reduce your environmental footprint. In future articles, we will explore the many benefits of keeping backyard chickens and provide tips on how to get started.

Different Ways of Composting

Composting is a simple and natural process that turns organic waste into a valuable soil amendment. By composting, we can reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and create a nutrient-rich fertilizer for our gardens, lawns and plants. In this article, we will explore the different ways to compost, the materials that can be used, the composting process and how to use the compost in the end.

Composting is an essential process for a sustainable environment and healthy gardening. It is the process of breaking down organic materials, such as leaves, grass clippings, and food scraps, into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. Composting can be done in various ways, including backyard composting, vermiculture, Bokashi composting, trench composting, and hot composting.

Types of Composting

Backyard composting is a method of composting that can be done in a small area of a backyard or garden, using organic materials such as leaves, grass clippings, and food scraps. This is one of the most common composting methods and is easy to set up and maintain.

Vermiculture, also known as worm composting, is a method of composting that uses worms to break down organic materials. This method is a great option for those who want to compost indoors or have limited outdoor space.

Bokashi composting is a method of composting that uses a specific type of microorganism to break down food scraps, including meat and dairy products. This method is great for those who want to compost all their food scraps, including meat and dairy products.

Trench composting is a method of composting that involves digging a trench and filling it with organic material, then covering it with soil. This is a great option for those who want to compost large amounts of organic material, such as leaves and grass clippings.

Hot composting is a method of composting that uses a combination of materials and creates a pile that generates heat as the materials break down. This method is great for those who want to compost quickly and efficiently.

Composting Materials

Composting materials can include leaves, grass clippings, food scraps, coffee grounds, and eggshells. However, it is essential to know that certain materials should not be added to a compost pile, such as meat, dairy products, and diseased plants. These materials can attract pests and create unpleasant odors.

Composting Process

Composting is a simple process that involves layering organic materials and allowing them to decompose over time. To start a backyard compost pile, you will need a space in your yard, a container or bin, and a combination of carbon-rich materials, such as leaves and grass clippings, and nitrogen-rich materials, such as food scraps and coffee grounds.

Once you’ve collected your materials, layer them in your container or bin, making sure to add a layer of soil or finished compost between each layer. Water your compost pile as needed to keep it moist, but not waterlogged. You can also add a compost accelerator, such as a commercial compost starter, to speed up the process.

It typically takes several weeks to several months for a compost pile to break down into usable fertilizer. The speed of the process depends on the materials used, the size of the pile, and the conditions under which the pile is maintained. To check if the compost is ready, it should look and smell like rich soil and the original materials should not be recognizable.

Using Compost

Once your compost is ready, it can be used in a variety of ways. The most commonway to use compost is to spread it on top of soil, either in a garden or on a lawn. This improves soil structure, fertility and can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. Compost can also be mixed into potting soil for container gardening. It can be used as a top dressing for houseplants and can be added to compost tea to make a liquid fertilizer.

Composting is a simple and natural process that not only reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills, but also creates a valuable soil amendment. With different ways of composting, including backyard composting, vermiculture, Bokashi composting, trench composting, and hot composting, there is a method that will work for everyone. By using organic materials such as leaves, grass clippings, and food scraps, we can create a nutrient-rich fertilizer for our gardens, lawns and plants. So, start composting today and contribute to a sustainable and healthy environment!